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Volume 42, Issue 6 , Pages 527-533 , November 2009

Changes in the frequency spectrum, the P-P interval, and the bispectral index during ventricular fibrillation are physiologic indicators of ventricular fibrillation duration

Rebecca Di Maio, PhD
- Northern Ireland Bioengineering Centre, University of Ulster at Jordanstown, Belfast, Northern Ireland
- Corresponding author. Northern Ireland Bioengineering Centre, University of Ulster at Jordanstown, Belfast, Northern Ireland.
John D. Allen, MD
- Queen's University, Belfast, Northern Ireland
Cesar Navarro, PhD
- HeartSine Technologies Ltd, Belfast, Northern Ireland
Karen Darragh, MD
- The Heart Centre, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, Northern Ireland
John M.C. Anderson, PhD
- Northern Ireland Bioengineering Centre, University of Ulster at Jordanstown, Belfast, Northern Ireland
- HeartSine Technologies Ltd, Belfast, Northern Ireland
A.A. Jennifer Adgey, MD
- The Heart Centre, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, Northern Ireland

Received 22 April 2009

Simultaneous recordings of the atrial activity during (A) sinus rhythm and (B) VF. P waves are labeled to illustrate how the P wave and the peak amplitude of each VF envelope coincide.

Simultaneous recordings of the atrial activity during (A) sinus rhythm and (B) VF. P waves are labeled to illustrate how the P wave and the peak amplitude of each VF envelope coincide.
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A, A flow diagram showing how the algorithm will determine whether a patient is in the electrical phase or not. The algorithm uses ECG analysis to determine the DA. B, Graph showing the changes in dom

A, A flow diagram showing how the algorithm will determine whether a patient is in the electrical phase or not. The algorithm uses ECG analysis to determine the DA. B, Graph showing the changes in dominant (peak) frequency (using FFT) over time during an episode of prolonged VF.
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A, Graph showing the relationship between the BIS index (EEG) and time during VF in minutes. B, Graph showing the relationship between the P-P interval and time during VF in minutes and the relevant p

A, Graph showing the relationship between the BIS index (EEG) and time during VF in minutes. B, Graph showing the relationship between the P-P interval and time during VF in minutes and the relevant phases of cardiac arrest to which they belong. C, Graph showing changes in the DA over time during a 12-minute episode of VF.
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