Journal of Electrocardiology
Volume 43, Issue 1 , Pages 43-47 , January 2010

Detection of U wave activity in healthy volunteers by high-resolution magnetocardiography

  • Matthias Goernig, MD

      Affiliations

    • Clinic of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital of Jena, Jena, Germany
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Clinic of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital of Jena, Erlanger Allee 101, D-07747 Jena, Germany.
    • ,
  • Jens Haueisen, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Biomagnetic Centre, Clinic of Neurology, University Hospital of Jena, Jena, Germany
    • Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, University of Technology, Gustav-Kirchhoff-Str. 1, Ilmenau, Germany
    • ,
  • Mario Liehr, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Clinic of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital of Jena, Jena, Germany
    • Biomagnetic Centre, Clinic of Neurology, University Hospital of Jena, Jena, Germany
    • ,
  • Markus Schlosser, MD

      Affiliations

    • Clinic of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital of Jena, Jena, Germany
    • ,
  • Hans R. Figulla, MD

      Affiliations

    • Clinic of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital of Jena, Jena, Germany
    • ,
  • Uwe Leder, MD

      Affiliations

    • Clinic of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital of Jena, Jena, Germany

Received 22 April 2008

References 

  1. Watanabe Y. Purkinje repolarization as a possible cause of the U wave in the electrocardiogram. Circulation. 1975;51:1030
  2. Antzelevitch C, Sicouri S, Litovsky SH, Lukas A, Krishnan SC, Di Diego JM, et al. Heterogeneity within the ventricular wall: electrophysiology and pharmacology of epicardial, endocardial, and M cells. Circ Res. 1991;69:1427
  3. Surawicz B. U wave: facts, hypotheses, misconceptions, and misnomers. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 1998;9:1117
  4. Choo MH, Gibson DG. U waves in ventricular hypertrophy: possible demonstration of mechano-electrical feedback. Br Heart J. 1986;55:428
  5. Schimpf R, Antzelevitch C, Haghi D, Giustetto C, Pizzuti A, Gaita F, et al. Electromechanical coupling in patients with the short QT syndrome: further insights into the mechanoelectrical hypothesis of the U wave. Heart Rhythm. 2008;5:241
  6. Yan GX, Lankipalli RS, Burke JF, Musco S, Kowey PR. Ventricular repolarization components on the electrocardiogram: cellular basis and clinical significance. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003;42:401
  7. Antzelevitch C. Cellular basis for the repolarization waves of the ECG. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2006;1080:268
  8. Miwa K, Nakagawa K, Hirai T, Inoue H. Exercise-induced U-wave alterations as a marker of well-developed and well-functioning collateral vessels in patients with effort angina. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2000;35:757
  9. Chikamori T, Kitaoka H, Matsumura Y, Takata J, Seo H, Doi Y. Clinical and electrocardiographic profiles producing exercise-induced U-wave inversion in patients with severe narrowing of the left anterior descending coronary artery. Am J Cardiol. 1997;80:628
  10. Kodama-Takahashi K, Ohshima K, Yamamoto K, Iwata T, Hamada M, Hiwada K, et al. Occurrence of transient U-wave inversion during vasospastic anginal attack is not related to the direction of concurrent ST-segment shift. Chest. 2002;122:535
  11. Costantini M, Capone S, Tondo A, Oreto G. Is exercise-induced U-wave inversion predictive of proximal left anterior descending coronary artery disease?. J Electrocardiol. 2008;41:99
  12. Surawicz B. U wave emerges from obscurity when the heart pumps like in a kangaroo. Heart Rhythm. 2008;5:246
  13. Liehr M, Haueisen J, Goernig M, Seidel P, Nenonen J, Katila T. Vortex shaped current sources in a physical torso phantom. Ann Biomed Eng. 2005;33:240
  14. Dössel O, David B, Fuchs M, Krüger J, Kullmann WH, Ludeke KM. A modular approach to multichannel magnetometry. Clin Phys Physiol Meas. 1991;12(Suppl B):75
  15. Platzek D, Nowak H, Gießler F, Röther J, Eiselt M. Active shielding to reduce low frequency disturbances in direct current near biomagnetic measurements. Rev Sci Instrum. 1999;70:2465
  16. Huck M, Haueisen J, Hoenecke O, et al. QRS amplitude and shape variability in magnetocardiograms. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2000;23:234
  17. Friderica LS. Die Systolendauer im Elektrokardiogramm bei normalen Menschen und bei Herzkranken. Acta Med Scand. 1920;53:489
  18. Korhonen P, Husa T, Tierala I, Väänänen H, Mäkijärvi M, Katila T, et al. Increased intra-QRS fragmentation in magnetocardiography as a predictor of arrhythmic events and mortality in patients with cardiac dysfunction after myocardial infarction. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2006;17:402
  19. Smith FE, Langley P, van Leeuwen P, Hailer B, Trahms L, Steinhoff U, et al. Comparison of magnetocardiography and electrocardiography: a study of automatic measurement of dispersion of ventricular repolarization. Europace. 2006;8:887
  20. Goernig M, De Melis M, Paolo DD, Tedeschi W, Liehr M, Figulla HR, et al. Stress testing in coronary artery disease by magnetic field imaging: a 3D current distribution model. Anadolu Kardiyol Derg. 2007;7(Suppl 1):191

☆ This work was partly supported by research grant B B309-05003 given by the Ministry of Education of Thuringia.

PII: S0022-0736(09)00248-9

doi: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2009.06.004

Journal of Electrocardiology
Volume 43, Issue 1 , Pages 43-47 , January 2010

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